UMartin wakusingatha kahle lokhu kudlikiza, usizwe indawo yakhe ngolimi lwesiLezghin, Ulimi lwendabuko lomsebenzi. Ukudweba, iphaneli yokuhlobisa ye-stucco kusuka phansi kolunye losizo ngaphakathi kwe-mosque yaseKara-Kureh, 10ikhulu leminyaka. Ikhasi elivela embhalweni wesandla kaJāmeʿ al-loḡatayn nguDabīrqādī waseKhunzak, ekuqaleni kwekhulu leshumi nesishiyagalolunye. IGamzat Tsadasa Institute of History, Izilimi, kanye Nemibhalo, Isikhungo Sezesayensi saseDāḡestān, Makhachkala, ms. F.
Ingabe iDagestan Sunni noma iShia?
Inani labantu baseDagestan lingamaSunni iningi lamaSulumane, kepha inedlanzana lamaShia elisakazeke kakhulu eningizimu yeRiphabhuliki phakathi kwama-Azeris obuhlanga ngokwesiko ahlala edolobheni laseDerbent.
Ngemuva, izinombolo eziningi zababaleki ngokungeziwe bathutha noma badingiswa ngenkani eMbusweni wase-Ottoman. NgeNkathi Ephakathi, izindawo eziphansi zaseChechnya zaziphethwe amaKhazars bese kuba yi-Alans. Isiko lendawo futhi lalinesihloko sokuthinteka kweGeorgia kanti amanye amaChechens aguqukela ebuKristwini base-Eastern Orthodox. Ngobukhona obusola futhi ngekhulu lesikhombisa, I-Islam iyaqhubeka ngokuqhubekayo phakathi kwamaChechen amaningi yize amaChechens’ inkolo yobuhedeni yomuntu yayisaqinile kwaze kwaba ngekhulu le-19.
IHuman Rights Watch ayinalo ulwazi ngosuku noma ngezimo zokukhishwa kwabo. Abamele iHuman Rights Watch nabakhumbula iSikhumbuzo bazama ukungena eVremenny ngoSepthemba 26, 2014.
U-Akhmedov ube esebuza ukuthi bawabona kanjani ama-Wahabi nokuthi impendulo iyini, “Ngezintshebe zabo. Uma othile enentshebe efana nawe, kufanele abe munye. ” Amaphoyisa azamile, ngaphandle kwempumelelo, ukuhlunga u-Akhmed Akhmedov ekuthumeleni iphethini yokuhlolwa kwe-DNA. Ngesikhathi sakhe sokuqala 36 amahora esitokisini, UMagomedov wayengenandlela yokungena kummeli, futhi wathi wahlukunyezwa. UMagomedov uthe amaphoyisa amshaya futhi amfaka endaweni “yokugwinya”, lapho izandla kanye namaqakala wesisulu kuqinisekile futhi kuboshelwe komunye nomunye ngemuva komhlane wakhe ukwenza ubuhlungu obukhulu emajoyintini.
Izilimi eziningi zesiLezgi zikhulunywa eningizimu yeDagestan, kepha ezinye zazo zikhulunywa kakhulu e-Azerbaijan; nomzana owodwa wezikhulumi ze-Udi utholakala eGeorgia. Kubalulekile ukuqaphela lokho e-Azerbaijan, ngaphezu kwalokho eRussia, bonke abantu baseDagestani — ndawonye https://dagkameen.ru/ nabakwa-Avars — ababebizwa ngokuthi amaLezginians. Imengamo, Khinalug, kanti i-Udi empeleni yizilimi ezihlukahlukane kakhulu esigabeni seLezgian. Ulimi lwe-Udi kukholakala ukuthi lungenye yezilimi eziningi zomlando wase-Caucasus Albania.
- Utshwala abudakwa lapha, imishado e-rollicking ayihlelekile, izintokazi kufanele zigqoke amaduku, njll.
- Kungakuhle ukuthi uye ezigodini ezikude kakhulu nomngcele, ebhange elihle kakhulu loMfula i-Andi Koysu.
- Lapho uhlose uhambo lwakho oluya eTsumada, udinga ukuthembela kumasheke amaningi wedokhumenti, njengoba isifunda sakhiwe ngaphakathi kwendawo yomngcele.
Ezindaweni eziningi izintaba ziyancishiswa ngemifula ejulile nasemigodini; phakathi kwalokhu iMain Canyon yoMfula iSulak ivelele ngokujula kwayo . Intaba ephakeme iDagestan iqukethe amaketanga amabili ayinhloko ezintaba — iGlav-nyi, noma iVodorazdel'nyi, Ububanzi beGreater Caucasus kanye neBokovoi Range.
Izingcweti ze-Amuzghy zamunca futhi zashaya ngesando insimbi eyaziwayo yaseDamask lapho benza khona izindwani zezinkemba, izinkemba namasabula. Futhi izingcweti ezivela esigodini esiseduze saseKubachy zibaphatha izibambo nomgodla wazo futhi zazihlobisa ngokuqoshwa nokusikwa. Abantu bathi uChingiskhan, UTamerlane, I-Nadirshakh, UNapoleon, U-Alexander I, kanti u-Imam Shamil ubephethe izindwani zakhe. Lokhu kulahlekelwa okuhle kwahlanganisa abantu bakwaNogai, okungaze ngisho amabutho asebenza kahle kakhulu esabe ukulwa nawo iminyaka eminingi. Inkumbulo ephathelene neqhawe elingesabi u-Edighe ihlala enhliziyweni yenhliziyo yayo yonke indoda yakwaNogai.
IRiphabhlikhi YaseDagestan
Izakhamizi eziningi zomdabu ezingxoxweni zazo neHuman Rights Watch zathi laba bantu okuthiwa bangaphansi komhlaba bayizindlu ezijule kakhulu ezisetshenziselwa ukugcina ukudla. Ngabantu abaphezulu ngenhla 1,000, idolobhana elincane laseVremenny 2 amakhilomitha ukusuka eGimry futhi ngokwesiko kubonwa njengesengezo seGimry. IVremenny yahlalwa ngasekupheleni kweminyaka yama-1980, lapho abasebenzi abakha isitshalo samandla esiseduze baqala ukuhlala lapho. Izakhamizi eziningi zaseGimry zaqala ukuhlala eVremenny kungenxa yokuthi izindlu zazo zazidiliziwe noma zacekelwa phansi noma ngoba zazifuna ukuphepha okuphezulu futhi zazifisa ukugwema abaphikelelayo, ukusesha okuhlukumezayo eGimry.
Mangaki amaSulumane aseChina?
Ngokwe-CIA World Factbook, cishe u-1-2% wabantu baseChina bangamaSulumane. The 2000 ukubalwa kwabantu kusho ukuthi kungahle kube kuze kube 20 amaSulumane ayisigidi eChina.
Impi Engabonakali
Ku-Miram, u-Yamal Javanshir ( /1773-1853), unobhala ka-Ebrāhīm Khan ( /1756-1806) kweKarabagh (Qarābāḡ), wachitha iminyaka eyisithupha eKhunzak ngemuva kokushona kwakhe, ukufunda isi-Arabhu no-Dabīrqādī; futhi wazi kahle izilimi zeLezgin ne-Avar. Ngokubuya kwakhe wafundisa uthisha wakhe ngesiPheresiya, ukumnika ukunambitheka kwesilulumagama nobuhle baso, okumsizile ekuhlanganiseni isichazamazwi sakhe. UDabīrqādī ubuye wabhala incwadi yezingxoxo zasePheresiya kanye nencwadi yokufunda yesiPheresiya.
